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Table 2 Pairwise ρ values calculated using the Mann-Whitney test for number of times explicit authentication was used for the tasks that were significantly different

From: Understanding user perceptions of transparent authentication on a mobile device

Task

Group

Participant category

  

All

Some

None

Read document

All

NaN

< 0.0008

 

Some

< 0.0008

 

None

Take photo

All

0.3681

0.0347

 

Some

0.1224

 

None

Send email

All

< 0.00002

0.0147

 

Some

0.7066

 

None

Change PIN

All

< 0.0005

0.5828

 

Some

< 0.00008

 

None

Make international call

All

0.0012

1.000

 

Some

0.0012

 

None

  1. ρ<0.05 are significant (bolded values). The comparison between the “All” and “Some” categories for the Read Document task is NaN because there were no occurrences of explicit authentication for either category.